Driving in Winter Conditions

Driving in Winter Conditions: What International RV Travellers Need to Know

Winter driving in the United States can be very different from winter travel in Europe, especially if you are hiring a campervan or motorhome for the first time. Large distances, rapidly changing weather, mountain passes, and US-specific road rules can all affect how and where you travel. Snow, ice, high winds, and temporary road closures are common in many regions from late autumn through early spring.

This matters for international visitors because RVs are heavier and wider than most European campervans, braking distances are longer, and winter equipment rules vary by state and even by individual highway. Campground availability also changes significantly in winter. Understanding how winter conditions affect driving, overnight stays, and route planning will help you stay safe, compliant, and flexible during your US RV holiday.

Understanding US Winter Road Conditions

Weather Patterns and Distances

The USA uses miles, not kilometres. Distances that look short on a map may still involve several hours of driving, often through rural areas with limited services. Weather can change quickly, especially in mountainous states or at higher elevations.

Snowstorms can close highways for days, not hours, particularly in mountain regions.
Ice is common overnight and early morning, even on sunny days.
Wind warnings are frequent for high-profile vehicles like RVs and may restrict travel.

Mountain and Desert Differences

Winter conditions vary widely by region. Coastal areas such as Los Angeles rarely see snow, while high-altitude cities like Denver regularly experience icy roads, sudden weather changes, and seasonal chain controls on nearby mountain highways.

In some mountain states, heavy snowfall, avalanche risk, or severe storms can result in full road closures or mandatory waiting periods until conditions improve.

Snow Chains and Traction Rules

Many US states may require snow chains or other traction devices during winter storms, particularly on mountain passes and major routes crossing higher elevations. Requirements are not uniform nationwide.

Chain or traction requirements are set by state authorities and applied to specific roads.
Requirements are typically communicated via electronic message boards or roadside signs, often referred to as "chain control".
Chains must be fitted when signs instruct, even if the road surface appears clear at lower elevations.
Rental companies may restrict or prohibit fitting chains to certain RVs, or limit where the vehicle may be driven in winter.

Compared to Europe, where winter tyres are common or mandatory, most US rental RVs are not equipped with winter tyres. Always check what is permitted in your rental agreement and whether the vehicle is considered suitable for winter conditions.

Driving Techniques for Winter RV Travel

Handling and Speed

Reduce speed well below posted limits in snow or ice.
Allow much greater stopping distances than you would in a car.
Avoid sudden steering, braking, or acceleration.

Many US highways have high speed limits (often 65–75 mph, approximately 105–120 km/h). For visitors unfamiliar with miles per hour, these speeds can feel especially fast in a large RV and are not suitable in winter conditions.

Overnight Stays and Campgrounds in Winter

Winter significantly affects where you can stay overnight. Many campgrounds close completely or operate with reduced services, and availability varies by state, elevation, and local weather.

Common US Campground Terms

Campground: A designated area for RV or tent stays, usually booked per night.
Full hookups: A campsite with electricity, fresh water, and sewer connections.
Dump station: A facility for emptying waste water tanks.
State park: A campground run by a state government; winter access and services vary.
Boondocking: Overnight parking without hookups, usually on public land, where permitted and accessible.

Frozen water lines are common in winter, so many campgrounds turn off water services to prevent damage. RV fresh, grey, and black water systems can also freeze if not designed for winter use. This makes planning stops at open dump stations and managing water carefully essential. See the campgrounds FAQ for more details on how US campground systems work.

Insurance, Assistance, and Safety

Check whether your rental insurance covers winter weather incidents, towing, or recovery.
Not all RVs are equipped or insulated for freezing temperatures; propane systems, batteries, and plumbing can be affected.
Roadside assistance response times can be much longer during snowstorms or road closures.
Carry extra food, water, warm clothing, and blankets in case of delays.

Unlike many European countries, emergency services and repair facilities may be far away in rural US regions, especially during adverse winter weather.

Planning Routes and Driving Days

In winter, flexibility is essential. Plan shorter driving days and allow buffer days for weather delays. Always check individual state Department of Transportation (DOT) websites, which provide live road conditions, chain controls, and closure updates.

If winter driving feels overwhelming or conditions deteriorate, consider adjusting your route to stay at lower elevations or focus on regions with milder winter climates.

Next Steps

Driving in winter conditions requires extra preparation, but with the right planning it can still be a safe and rewarding part of a US RV trip. When you are ready, check current RV availability and travel dates on USARVRentals.com to match your plans to the right vehicle.

Driving in Winter Conditions